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专题一阅读理解Von Wong hopes that his work will also helpmaking either a happy or an angry face.During thepressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.training stage,each dog was shown only the upper halfWhich of the following can be the best title for theor the lower half of the person's face.The researcherstext?then tested the dogs'ability to distinguish betweenA.Artists'Opinions on Plastic Safetyhuman facial expressions by showing them the otherB.Media Interest in Contemporary Arthalf of the person's face or images totally differentC.Responsibility Demanded of Big Companiesfrom the ones used in training.The researchers foundD.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculpturesthat the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face【答案与解析】D。考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。by touching a picture of it with their noses more often通览全文，作者讲述艺术家本杰明用塑料垃圾制作雕塑than one would expect by random chance.从而唤起人们对环保问题的关注，因此最佳答案为D,The study showed the animals had figured out how揭示了全文的主旨大意。故选D项。to apply what they learned about human faces during(2)大意类training to new faces in the testing stage."We can rule解答主旨要义题的主要方法是寻找主题句。寻找out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures主题句的方法是略读法，即快速浏览首尾段、每段的首based on a simple cue,such as the sight of teeth,said尾句，以及表达句段关系的连接性词语，特别是but,study author Corsin Muller."Instead,our resultshowever,though(adv.然而)，in fact,therefore等。suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling有时，没有体现段落或文章主旨的主题句，我们就要根mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes,and the据文章所述内容进行归纳和概括。same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same寻找主题句的6个微技能：meaning as angry eyes."①Now(如今)：暗示本文即将要讲的事很有可能"With our study,we think we can now confidently与以往不同。conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human②表转折的词。段落中出现but,however,facial expressions,"Muller told Live Scienceactually,while,in fact,on the contrary,in contrastAt this point,it is not clear why dogs seem to be时，其后的内容往往是作者真正要表达的观点。equipped with the ability to recognize different facial③表总结的词。如therefore,thus,in short,.expressions in humans."To us,the most likelyconclude,conclusion等词后的内容也可能是主题。explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their④多次重复的词。如果一篇文章中多次出现某个living with humans,which gives them a lot of exposure词，该词往往是体现文章主旨的关键词。to human facial expressions,"and this exposure has⑤若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish是文章的主旨。between them,Muller said.⑥说明实验结论或调查结果的句子。如theirWhat is the last paragraph mainly about?studies show that...,the experiment shows that...,A.A suggestion for future studies.scientists/researchers have found that...there isB.A possible reason for the study findings.evidence suggesting that..中that从句的内容通常就是C.A major limitation of the study.主旨。D.An explanation of the research method.【例题】【答案与解析】B。主旨大意题。根据题干中的the(2021浙江高考·C)last paragraph可将答案定位到短文的最后一段。这一If you ever get the impression that your dog can段主要说明“why dogs seem to be equipped with the"tell"whether you look content or annoyed,you mayability to recognize different facial expressions inbe onto something.Dogs may indeed be able tohumans(为什么狗看起来具备识别人类表情的能力)”。distinguish between happy and angry human faces,故选B项。according to a new study.(二)词义猜测题Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to1.题型特点与命题方式distinguish between images()of the same person词义猜测题旨在考查考生根据上下文推测生词、短3